Publisher's Synopsis
As the quantity and quality of inland water sources decline, more coastal municipalities are looking at seawater desalination as a potential source of drinking water. The Long Beach Water Department (LBWD) developed an alternative technology to desalt seawater by using dual-staged nanofiltration (NF2). This novel NF system treats the first-stage permeate through a second stage in order to produce finished water with salinity levels that meet drinking water standards.