Why Peace Fails

Why does peace fail? More precisely, why do some countries that show every sign of having successfully emerged from civil war fall once again into armed conflict? What explains why peace "sticks" after some wars but not others? In this illuminating study, Charles T. Call examines the factors behind fifteen cases of civil war recurrence in Africa, Asia, the Caucasus, and Latin America. He argues that widely touted explanations of civil war - such as poverty, conflict over natural resources, and weak states - are far less important than political exclusion. Call's study shows that inclusion of former opponents in postwar governance plays a decisive role in sustained peace. "Why Peace Fails" ultimately suggests that the international community should resist the temptation to prematurely withdraw resources and peacekeepers after a transition from war. Instead, international actors must remain fully engaged with postwar elected governments, ensuring that they make room for former enemies.

ISBN 158901894X   Pages 288 ISBN13 9781589018945 (What's this?)   Weight (grammes) 513 Publisher Georgetown University Press   Published in Washington, DC Imprint Georgetown University Press   Height (mm) 229 Format Paperback   Width (mm) 152 Publication date 03 Apr 2012   Spine width (mm) 21 DEWEY 303.64   Academic level Professional / Scholarly DEWEY edition DC23

Introduction Part I: Why Peace Fails: Theory 1. What Do We Know About Why Peace Fails?Civil Wars and Ethnic Conflict: What We KnowThe Peacebuilding Literature and Preventing Civil War RecurrenceClarifying Concepts: Exclusion, Inclusion and Legitimacy 2. Is Civil War Recurrence Distinct from Onset?: A Quantitative Analysis and the Limits ThereofA Regression Analysis of Civil War RecurrenceThe Limitations of Quantitative Methods in Studying Civil Wars Part II: Examining the Cases 3. Liberia: Exclusion and Civil War Recurrence The First Civil WarThe Onset of PeaceThe Second Civil War Charles Taylor's Exclusionary BehaviorAlternative ExplanationsInsights from Liberia's Second Post-war Peace Process, 2003-present 4. Separatist Recurrences of Civil WarSudan: Marginalization of the SouthChechnya: Reneging and ResistanceGeorgia / South Ossetia: Integration BackfiresChina / Tibet: Compelled from AutonomyAnalyzing Cases of Reneging on Territorial Autonomy 5. Non-Separatist Recurrences of Civil WarThe Central African Republic (CAR): Exclusion and State WeaknessHaiti: Political Exclusion and RecurrenceEast Timor: Liberation, Statehood and ExclusionZimbabwe: Liberation, Statehood and ExclusionBurundi and Rwanda: Chronic ExclusionAlternative Explanations and Conclusions 6. Recurrences That Defy the ArgumentWhere Inclusionary Politics Prove InsufficientLebanon: Failed PowersharingMali: Failed PowersharingAnalyzing Cases of Failed PowersharingNicaragua: Externally-Driven Recurrence Peru: Exclusion, Coca and Rebel Resurgence 7. Making Peace Stick: Inclusionary Behavior and 27 Non-Recurrent Civil WarsInclusion, Powersharing and Peacebuilding SuccessPowersharing and Peace Consolidation: Examining the Pool of CasesBeyond Powersharing: Inclusionary Behavior and PeacePeace and Exclusionary Politics?International Troops and 'Frozen' Conflicts Part III: Implications for Theory and Practice 8. Conclusions for Theory: Legitimacy-Focused PeacebuildingThe Main Findings of the BookRethinking Peacebuilding Aims and ApproachesAddressing Some of the Limitations of the Study 9. Conclusions for Policy and Practice: Can External Actors Build Legitimacy After War?Why Legitimacy-Building is Exceptionally DifficultBeyond Blanket Inclusionary Formulae: Four 'Moments' for Key Choices and External Strategy BibliographyIndex

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