Electrochemical Technologies for Energy Storage and Conversion

In this handbook and ready reference, editors and authors from academia and industry share their in-depth knowledge of known and novel materials, devices and technologies with the reader. The result is a comprehensive overview of electrochemical energy and conversion methods, including batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, hydrogen generation and storage as well as solar energy conversion. Each chapter addresses electrochemical processes, materials, components, degradation mechanisms, device assembly and manufacturing, while also discussing the challenges and perspectives for each energy storage device in question. In addition, two introductory chapters acquaint readers with the fundamentals of energy storage and conversion, and with the general engineering aspects of electrochemical devices. With its uniformly structured, self-contained chapters, this is ideal reading for entrants to the field as well as experienced researchers.

ISBN 3527328696   Pages 838 ISBN13 9783527328697 (What's this?)   Volumes 2 Hardbacks Publisher Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH   Weight (grammes) 1856 Imprint Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH   Published in Weinheim Format Hardback   Height (mm) 245 Publication date 23 Nov 2011   Width (mm) 177 DEWEY 621.3124   Spine width (mm) 48 DEWEY edition DC23   Academic level Professional / Scholarly

Contents to Volume 1 Contents to Volume 2 XVI Preface XVII About the Editors XIX List of Contributors XXI 1 Electrochemical Technologies for Energy Storage and Conversion 1 Neelu Chouhan and Ru-Shi Liu 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Global Energy Status: Demands, Challenges, and Future Perspectives 1 1.3 Driving Forces behind Clean and Sustainable Energy Sources 5 1.4 Green and Sustainable Energy Sources and Their Conversion: Hydro, Biomass, Wind, Solar, Geothermal, and Biofuel 11 1.5 Electrochemistry: a Technological Overview 15 1.6 Electrochemical Rechargeable Batteries and Supercapacitors (Li Ion Batteries, Lead-Acid Batteries, NiMH Batteries, Zinc-Air Batteries, Liquid Redox Batteries) 17 1.7 Light Fuel Generation and Storage: Water Electrolysis, Chloro-Alkaline Electrolysis, Photoelectrochemical and Photocatalytic H2 Generation, and Electroreduction of CO2 25 1.8 Fuel Cells: Fundamentals to Systems (Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells, PEM Fuel Cells, Direct Methanol Fuel Cells, Molten Carbon Fuel Cells, and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells) 32 1.9 Summary 38 Acknowledgments 39 References 39 Further Reading 43 2 Electrochemical Engineering Fundamentals 45 Zhongwei Chen, Fathy M. Hassan, and Aiping Yu 2.1 Electrical Current/Voltage, Faraday's Laws, Electric Efficiency, and Mass Balance 45 2.2 Electrode Potentials and Electrode-Electrolyte Interfaces 48 2.3 Electrode Kinetics (Charger Transfer (Butler-Volmer Equation) and Mass Transfer (Diffusion Laws)) 53 2.4 Porous Electrode Theory (Kinetic and Diffusion) 55 2.5 Structure, Design, and Fabrication of Electrochemical Devices 58 2.6 Nanomaterials in Electrochemical Applications 64 References 67 3 Lithium Ion Rechargeable Batteries 69 Dingguo Xia 3.1 Introduction 69 3.2 Main Types and Structures of Li Ion Rechargeable Batteries 70 3.3 Electrochemical Processes in Li Ion Rechargeable Batteries 72 3.4 Battery Components (Anode, Cathode, Separator, Endplates, and Current Collector) 73 3.5 Assembly, Stacking, and Manufacturing of Li Ion Rechargeable Batteries 84 3.6 Li Ion Battery Performance, Testing, and Diagnosis 88 3.7 Degradation Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies 96 3.8 Current and Potential Applications of Secondary Li Ion Batteries 101 References 107 4 Lead-Acid Battery 111 Joey Jung 4.1 General Characteristics and Chemical/Electrochemical Processes in a Lead-Acid Battery 111 4.2 Battery Components (Anode, Cathode, Separator, Endplates (Current Collector), and Sealing) 115 4.3 Main Types and Structures of Lead-Acid Batteries 128 4.4 Charging Lead-Acid Battery 146 4.5 Maintenance and Failure Mode of a Lead-Acid Battery 151 4.6 Advanced Lead-Acid Battery Technology 154 4.7 Lead-Acid Battery Market 169 References 173 Further Reading 174 5 Nickel-Metal Hydride (Ni-MH) Rechargeable Batteries 175 Hua Ma, Fangyi Cheng, and Jun Chen 5.1 Introduction to NiMH Rechargeable Batteries 175 5.2 Electrochemical Processes in Rechargeable Ni-MH Batteries 177 5.3 Battery Components 180 5.4 Assembly, Stacking, Configuration, and Manufacturing of Rechargeable Ni-MH Batteries 206 5.5 Ni-MH Battery Performance, Testing, and Diagnosis 219 5.6 Degradation Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies 221 5.7 Applications (Portable, Backup Power, and Transportation) 224 5.8 Challenges and Perspectives of Ni-MH Rechargeable Batteries 231 References 232 6 Metal-Air Technology 239 Bruce W. Downing 6.1 Metal-Air Technology 239 6.2 Introduction to Aluminum-Air Technology 242 6.3 Introduction to Lithium-Air Technology 246 6.4 Introduction to Zinc-Air Technology 249 6.5 Introduction to Magnesium-Air Technology 252 6.6 Structure of Magnesium-Air Cell 255 6.7 Electrochemical Processes 255 6.8 Components 258 6.9 Manufacturing 263 6.10 Magnesium-Air Battery Performance 267 6.11 Degradation Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies 269 6.12 Applications 273 6.13 Challenges and Perspectives of Magnesium-Air Cells 274 References 275 7 Liquid Redox Rechargeable Batteries 279 Huamin Zhang 7.1 Introduction 279 7.2 Electrochemical Processes in a Redox F

"In this handbook gives a comprehensive overview of electrochemical energy and conversion methods." (Energy Database, 2012)

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