Publisher's Synopsis
Challenges the current paradigm regarding addiction as a chronically relapsing brain disease. Creates a more plausible paradigm encompassing early dysregulating trauma created by Adverse Childhood Experiences, ACE's which are precursors to the development of mental disorders which lead to the need for self medication with psychoactive substances. Challenges the lack of choice in human behavior and cites the more recent data supporting conceptualization as a thinking disorder.
